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Articles

People on the Move-July/August

Personality assessments identify the traits that enable some pharma researchers to ascend to leadership roles in industry

What Makes a Pharmaceutical Industry Leader?

Industry is falling in love with the Apple iPad. Is it the right move for your company?

Reacting to the iPad Buzz

Today’s uncertain work environment obliges you to manage your career and financial status to keep your options open

Is There Life After the Lab?

Rutgers Pharmaceutical MBA Program: Training Future Leaders

Latest 10-year BLS projection sees moderate growth in US employment—except for ‘top executives’

Long-Term Pharma Employment: Better Than You Think

Conventional training of sales forces is being complemented by executive-level training for corporate compliance

Training Executives for Marketing Compliance

People on the Move-April

Distance-learning modules lead to a “Certificate of Professional Competency”

CMR Institute Offers New Sales-Rep Training

People on the Move-March

Stable economics and growing healthcare concerns make Brazil one of the top emerging markets, with a current growth rate >20%

Entering the Brazilian Pharmaceutical Market

 interview, Brandon Newman, Xevant’s CEO and founder, explores:

The implications of the Inflation Reduction Act’s price negotiation provisions, and how these could result in ripple effects across the healthcare system

The role that pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) and other intermediaries' play when it comes to determining drug costs, and how spread pricing is involved

How Xevant helps improve drug cost transparency efforts

Strategies for affordability Newman would offer the pharma industry that can be implemented immediately

Brandon Newman joins The Pharmaceutical Commerce Podcast to discuss the evolving role of PBMs, including the importance of drug price transparency. 

A Further Examination of Pharmacy Benefit Managers

How can industry stakeholders ensure the quality and supply chain security of existing product?

Unpacking the High Cost of GLP-1 Drugs

A prediction of how this shift toward patient-centric care may look.

Transforming Pharma Supply Chains for the Age of Personalized Care 

A secret shopper survey study investigates how an FDA approval impacts patient access to a medication used to combat drug opioid overdose. 

The Cost and Availability of Naloxone Pre- and Post-OTC Authorization

Partnership adds supply chain efficiencies, while prioritizing patient safety. 

Intelliguard, Cencora Collaborate on Boosting RFID-Tagged Medication Compatibility

A lack of access could shut out patients in need of maintenance drugs for complex conditions.

Pharmacy Deserts are Becoming a National Problem

Meghan Mullooly patient services

When it comes to providing patient services, what types of digital solutions exist today?

What we're seeing is that there are a wide variety of digital solutions that are becoming available, and some solutions available today that weren't even just a couple of years ago. I think it's best to categorize them into four main buckets, the first being your digitally enhanced services. Where traditional patient support services were executed by human resources, we are now seeing a shift—or an alternate model—where there's a digitally enhanced service that's being offered. Think of your electronic benefit verifications, your electronic prior authorizations that can provide the service through an electronic solution versus a person manually executing that service. The second bucket would be your process optimization solutions that are driving efficiencies and improving your outputs. Think of OCR, your optical character recognition, conversational AI, chatbots. Those would be examples within that bucket, and these are also replacing some of the more manual need that traditionally was executed by people. For your OCR solutions, for example, you're able to automate your data entry processes instead of utilizing a manual approach there.

The third bucket would be around engagement and communication channels to better interact with patients and HCPs. We're not seeing any replacement with the traditional methods. Facts and phones still exist. Email and mail are still there, but there are more opportunities to connect with patients and HCPs and other customers, and meet them where they are. We're seeing things like digital assistance, more use of mobile apps, more use of texting, all to support the program as well.

And then the last would be your software platform, so your traditional CR systems, your data analytics. and dashboards. While those aren't necessarily new in the marketplace, what is new is how sophisticated and customizable these are becoming, and they're better able to drive the patient journey and automate touchpoints along the way, which has been really neat.

As you mentioned earlier, there are nuances within the solutions. I think that no two solutions are identical, and oftentimes, I think there's a different understanding of the product at hand. We have seen some manufacturers who think they're signing up for a particular solution, but the capabilities of the service provider didn't quite line up with exactly what the manufacturer thought they were getting. There's different terminology that's being utilized and different capabilities that are available, so it's really important to properly vet service providers to understand that what you're signing up for is exactly what you're getting.

In an interview with Pharma Commerce Editor Nicholas Saraceno, Meghan Mullooly, Archbow Consulting’s Vice President, outlines the various types of available digital solutions when delivering patient services, while also sharing ways to drive efficiencies.  

Further Developing Patient Services 

Matt Hawkins mitigating security risks

How can data, privacy, and security risks in the pharma sector be mitigated?

 From a security and privacy perspective, AI has obviously brought a lot of focus into that area, and it's brought a lot of challenges—both from a communication perspective—to businesses and individuals on how their data is being used. And I think a lot of the same principles apply in terms of the way that we've been storing data securely in our environments for a very long time, and we all do our industry certifications every year—whether that be SOC 2, whether that's HITRUST—those principles still apply in the way that we store and provide access to data, to third parties, and to customers, suppliers, partners, etc. 

I think what AI brings to the table is an extra layer of transparency and accountability that we haven't seen before. Let's touch on a couple of those. With transparency, I think it's super important that we, as organizations, are transparent on how data is being used in an AI scenario. Making patients aware of how their data will be used and what it will be used for, and giving them the choice to opt in or opt out of those scenarios. That's something that we do. Everything that we provide to patients—we're very transparent about how we do that, and what we try and do as much as possible is detach the data from the individual. We don't need to know personal identifiable information to look at things like medical history, to look at things like your fill history; that is a separate piece of information from what identifies you as a person. I think being very transparent with how we communicate on what we're doing with data, and also making sure that we're auditing ourselves both internally and providing ways for external organizations to audit us as well. We look at anything that we're doing with AI. We're aware and continually monitor for things like bias. Are we showing bias in the way that we're dealing with individuals or customers? Are we producing unfavorable results? We constantly monitor internally how our data analytics and how our AI is performing, and we also subscribe to external organizations in the way that they put forward guidelines and recommendations.

I think it's important to be part of the conversation there, and not just waiting to have legislation put on top of you, but instead, being part of the conversation shaping how AI can be used safely and ethically moving forward in order to enhance the patient's experience, all through that kind of supply chain. Because if we go back to the logistics and the operational efficiency, that at the end of the day is still having an impact on the patient, because the pharmacy itself is more efficient internally. For me, it's transparency, it's ethics, and it's consistently providing a feedback loop internally and externally to both internal and external audits.

In the final part of his Pharma Commerce video interview, Matt Hawkins, CaryHealth’s Chief Technology Officer, comments on the importance of mitigating security risks, along with ways to take action. 

An Extra Layer of Transparency and Accountability

Matt Hawkins digital pharmacy

What capabilities are needed from a digital pharmacy in order to provide patients with the various services that they may need?

From a digital pharmacy perspective, in a broader sense, stepping back from AI, a digital pharmacy needs to be agile and have the capability to be able to tailor a service either in a B2B or a B2C scenario. Working with a partner, every partner is different, and everybody has different requirements for their specific medication that they need a digital pharmacy partner for. They may have a different demographic of patients, so having a digital pharmacy that's able to be agile and modular in a way that it can leverage the right services for that partner easily, quickly, and cost efficiently is incredibly important, and that's where the strength in digital pharmacy lies.

There's a plethora of healthcare services out there—from telehealth to specific patient adherence services, to data analytics companies—so having a digital pharmacy that's able to leverage the right solution at the right time is very important, and that applies both from the patient care perspective as well as from the logistics perspective.

Choosing the right delivery partner for your scenario, choosing the right communication method for your patient demographic, and being able to iterate over that very quickly, while also being able to have the necessary digital tools in place—like having mobile apps, web portals, having both customer and partner-facing tools that gives them the transparency to be able to look at the lifecycle of their experience—is critical. Is adherence going up? What are the factors affecting adherence? Having this digital suite of components together in a single platform that they can leverage is paramount to providing a digital pharmacy service.

In this part of his Pharma Commerce video interview, Matt Hawkins, CaryHealth’s Chief Technology Officer, outlines the necessary qualities of a digital pharmacy that will allow it to be of greatest value to patients.


Why Agility Is Paramount

Leveraging AI Matt Hawkins

How can AI accurately diagnose patients and provide reliable medical advice?

I think the benefit of AI—especially in 2024 as we've seen the proliferation of generative AI over the last three to four years—is its capability to be able to look at a huge amount of data. I would look at that data in context, and that's typically an operation that would that for an individual would take a long time to do, so reading through medical history, looking through medical images, looking through things like lab results. Bringing all of that information together takes a lot of concentration. It takes a lot of time from a human in that situation. AI provides the ability for it to look at this full data corpus very quickly and to find the patterns in that data and give the human on the other end a very quick answer that’s very much in context to the question that has been asked, and to do that at a scale which has not previously been possible before.

When you talk about the reliability as well, I think we all know that data can be analyzed in such a vast capability right now. How do we know that that's reliable? I think it's very important when we're presenting things like medical information, is that we're able to back up the decisions that we've made with referenceable answers, so that when you're getting a response—whether in a patient context or in a healthcare provider context—you get instant feedback on why you're getting that answer. Where's the reference, where's the clinical guidelines, where's this piece of information come from? How does that relate to the specifics within the patient profile? That serves a couple of purposes.

One is that it's giving you confidence that you're getting an answer that is based within truth. And two, it's giving you that ability to instantly verify that information as well. Context on the way in, and context on the way out. I think from that point, there's several places that you can go. We can talk about personalized treatment plans. We can talk about simulating medical scenarios. There's such a broad application of this that we could about lots of different applications.

In an interview with Pharma Commerce Editor Nicholas Saraceno, Matt Hawkins, CaryHealth’s Chief Technology Officer, describes how artificial intelligence can not only diagnose patients, but also deliver accurate medical advice.

Leveraging AI for the Benefit of Patients

Josh Marsh specialty lite

Back at Asembia, you participated in a panel evolving around how to succeed in specialty lite. What exactly is a specialty lite product, and what was discussed during the session?

These medications typically have a WAC [wholesale acquisition cost] price between $500 and $1500, so they're more expensive than a traditional retail product, but they aren't the traditional cost of a specialty product, where it takes more of a white glove specialty pharmacy service to get the patient on therapy. The other definition that we talk about a lot with specialized products is that a lot of these medications in this category are prescribed by a primary care physician, not a specialist. Ensuring that those primary care physicians understand the hurdles that they're going to have to work through, such as prior authorizations that they aren't typically used to when writing medications—standard maintenance medications—is going to be really important. So that's typically how we define it, a kind of a lower WAC than traditional specialty, but a higher WAC than traditional retail, and specialty lite products that are going through the retail channel for dispensing versus through the specialty pharmacy.

Looking back on that panel discussion at Asembia around specialty lite, it was really focused around the uniqueness of the patient journey and the challenges that both the patients and the physicians face, and getting the patient started on therapy. If I use my analogy from earlier around going to your doctor, getting a prescription for an antibiotic, going to your pharmacy, walking out 15 minutes later, this process is similar in terms of it may be a primary care physician that's writing the prescription, the patient takes it to a retail pharmacy, but because of the higher WAC costs for these products versus traditional retail, they're going to face reimbursement and financial hurdles that they don't typically face.

This could mean prior authorizations, potentially an appeal, a high out-of-pocket cost, which then brings up the question of what financial assistance—such as manufacturer co-pay card—is available. It's really about educating both of those stakeholders on what to expect. For the patient, this isn't in and out in 15 minutes. You need to enroll into the patient support hub. There are services that are available.

Then, there’s the physician as well. These physicians typically aren't used to doing prior authorizations. They aren't used to enrolling a patient into a patient support program hub. On that piece, it's really important that we create enrollment channels for the physician to enroll the patient into the hub that are right within their workflow, within the EHR. So that's been a big goal for us that we set out to achieve three or four years ago, to create that enrollment channel that's in physicians’ natural workflow, so that they don't have to pivot to a portal, fill out an enrollment form, but you have to educate both of these stakeholders—the patient and the physician—on what it is that's going to be expected of them, because it is such a unique journey compared to traditional retail medications that are filled.

In the final part of his Pharma Commerce video interview, Josh Marsh, Vice President and General Manager of Cardinal Health Sonexus Access and Patient Support, defines the qualifying characteristics of a specialty lite product, and summarizes the main points of his Asembia panel.

The Specifics of Specialty Lite

Josh Marsh medication regimen 

How does technology play a role in getting and keeping patients on specialty medication?

Technology plays a really critical role in helping these patients not only gain access—which is the first goal—but then of course, keeping them adherent as well. Technology, especially over the past five years, has enabled and empowered patients to truly take control of their journey. A couple of examples that rolled out at Cardinal Health Sonexus includes patient-facing chat bots and pharmacy texting portals; all of these result in patients better understanding their patient journey, medication, and therapy better, while also speeding up their time to therapy.

Regarding chat bots, we rolled this out about a year ago. It’s a patient-facing chat bot available 24/7 for them to ask questions, check the status of their enrollment in the hub, but also upload missing information, all on one program. In the past year, we've had 600 patients upload missing information through the chat bot. If you're familiar with the patient services space, getting a patient enrolled into the hub with missing information typically results in that patient canceling out. They don't answer the phone when we try to call them, because it's a 1-800 number, and so being able to send that information through a text where they can interact with a chat bot, upload that missing information—maybe it's an insurance card or something else that we need from them to complete their enrollment—it's truly allowed us to help patients get access to access to therapy, but keep them on that medication as well.

One thing I would say is that while technology has become incredibly important and we see the benefits of it—we reduce patient speed to therapy, about three, four, sometimes seven, eight days when patients interact with technology—not all patients want to interact with the patient support program hub, digitally. That's why it's critical to have the right balance of technology, but also the right team at the hub to interact with these patients live, educate them again on their journey, what's to come, what actions they need to take, and really empower them to take control.

In this part of his Pharma Commerce video interview, Josh Marsh, Vice President and General Manager of Cardinal Health Sonexus Access and Patient Support, discusses the impact technology has in relation to patients sticking to their medication plan.

Maintaining a Specialty Medication Regimen 

Josh Marsh medication adherence

What are the main challenges when it comes to medication adherence?

When you look at the specialty medications that are out there, the complexity of the treatment plan that these patients have to go through, economic barriers, and the psychosocial factors are the three big ones that I always look at in terms of challenges. The first one is the complexity of the treatment plan. I always say this is so much different from medications that you walk into your retail pharmacy of a prescription for an antibiotic, you walk out 15 minutes later. With these medications, you have to, at times, have self-injection training, so set that patient up with a nurse, either in the office or through a patient support program hub like Cardinal Health Sonexus. There're first-dose observations that need to happen for some of these medications. There’re all sorts of testing that has to be done before the patient can start therapy, so really ensuring that those patients are educated on their treatment plan and their patient journey to come [is important] because it's not as simple as walking into a pharmacy and walking out 15 minutes later.

It’s incredibly important to educate the patient and then provide them tools, whether that's technology or people, like the personnel that we have at the hub, who can work with that patient to explain the journey that they're about to go down, and ensure that they are well equipped to stay adherent to their medication once they start that therapy. Just because they've been approved for the first fill doesn't mean they aren't going to hit roadblocks in the future. Prior authorizations, re-verifications, re-enrollment—that has to happen, so ensuring that that patient is well equipped to be able to respond to those challenges that they're going to be facing [is important]. And regarding economic barriers, we all know the cost of medications can be a significant barrier for patients staying adherent to their medication. One in five patients skip or delay taking their medications because of cost.

It's imperative that the patient is educated on what financial assistance is available. When patients are enrolled into a patient support hub like at Sonexus, we make sure to educate the patient on what financial assistance is available. Psychosocial factors—such as mental health issues, lack of social support, and health literacy—play a major role in medication adherence. I would say being diagnosed with a specialty disease could be a life-changing event for these patients, and it can take a toll on them. It can take a toll on us, on everyone who’s been in this position, and so ensuring that they have the tools to be successful, the support, whether that's their care team at home, or a nurse or a social worker at the patient support program hub, it's critical that we also focus on those psychosocial factors so we can ensure that those patients stay adherent to medication.

In an interview with Pharma Commerce Editor Nicholas Saraceno, Josh Marsh, Vice President and General Manager of Cardinal Health Sonexus Access and Patient Support, outlines the main challenges surrounding medication adherence. 

Focusing on Psychosocial Factors

UpScriptHealth Peter Ax Patients Drug Shortages

 How do drug shortages directly impact patients?

 I think about the patient as on a continuum. At the low end of the spectrum, you have patients who can't get the drug at all, and at the high end of the spectrum, you have patients that can get the drugs and be on therapy. In between those two, you have all sorts of issues. You have issues where there may be drugs in the market, but you can't locate the drugs. So you have patients shopping pharmacies, going to five and 10 different locations to determine whether or not there's a supply or making lots of phone calls. You have patients that maybe can get the remedy, they can get the therapy, but they can't get it in the doses they want, or they can't get in the volume they need, so they start restricting their intake.

They might take an oral medication every other day instead of every day. They may not be able to titrate up into the medication. They may find that there's a gap in their therapy, that they may not be able to get the drug for two weeks, but that it'll eventually come to them. There’re all sorts of scenarios that happen for patients along that continuum, and frankly, I don't see relief in that for some time to come. I mean, there's just a lot of significant issues.

 What do you believe is needed in order to mitigate these issues surrounding the drug supply chain?

 I think transparency is critical to this marketplace, and it isn't necessarily that we need new legislation. I suspect that the regulators have enough legislation in place to do what they need to do, but the regulators need to demand information, and they need to demand it from manufacturers, whether they be international manufacturers or domestic manufacturers. They need to understand from the payer community and from PBMs, where the supply chain is breaking down. Right now, we're not well informed about what's happening in the supply chain. Is it a manufacturing issue? Is it a bottleneck in distribution? Is it a bottleneck in the payer world? There’s lots of different factors here, and we just need better transparency in the system.

One of the things I'll add is, and I talked to this in the past, is that UpScript, our company, is able to provide a digital solution to pharma. We bring medications direct to consumer, and the way we do that is by putting a button on a pharmaceutical manufacturer's website. The consumer then clicks on that button and they come to our platform. Because we have a direct relationship with the pharmaceutical manufacturer, we're actually able to create a supply that is going to be available to patients, and that sort of streamlines a lot of these bottlenecks that are in the marketplace, so we can have an active supply always available to us to be able to fill prescriptions. And so, we think digital solutions like Upscript’s are one of the factors helping the marketplace and will continue to help the marketplace. Another factor will be the impact of artificial intelligence (AI). AI will be able to better predict where there are shortages and where there will be blockages in the marketplace.

In an interview with Pharma Commerce editor Nicholas Saraceno, Peter Ax, UpScriptHealth’s founder and CEO, discusses how patients are affected by these supply chain bottlenecks, along with ways to mitigate these complications.

The Relationship Between Patients and Drug Shortages 

Fran Gregory Cardinal Health Reimbursement Models Biosimilars

PC: How are changing reimbursement models impacting patient access to therapies in the space? As you know, even if a drug were to make it to market, questions remain as to whether it will be covered by insurance or even added to a national preferred formulary, making it difficult for patients from an affordability perspective.

If we think about the big picture of biosimilars, we know that on average, they’re 50% less expensive and up to 90% less expensive than the reference product. If we think about that, those costs are going to ultimately be passed through the healthcare system and will generate savings to the health plan, the PBM payer, and potentially the provider If they're an at-risk provider, they're operating under a cost of care model, there will be savings to the provider, and ultimately that savings will be passed on to the patient. 

In many cases, people think that the lower prices of biosimilars equals lower out of patient costs. That's not necessarily the case all the time on the surface. However, if you just think about the value of biosimilars and lowering total biologic spend for the entire US healthcare system, that lowering of cost is a direct opposite of what we've seen an increase spend year over year in the biologics and overall healthcare space in the US. Those cost offsets are so important to continue to find and optimize in the healthcare system. This way, we can keep prices of premiums, hospitalizations, pharmaceutical treatments, and total cost of care for treating a patient lower. We may never see a huge decrease in any price of anything in not only the US, but in the world. But it's really important that we mitigate the costs where we can, and I think biosimilars offer one of the very few opportunities to mitigate costs in a very significant way. Those cost mitigations are incredibly important to the healthcare system, and indeed will, in some way, shape or form, be passed on to patients.=

PC: Is it possible to use savings from biosimilar uptake to potentially help fund CGTs?

If we look at savings, can it be used by creating a buffer of financial space to allow those CGTs to exist and for the healthcare system to continue to invest in those innovative treatments. Some of the things that I like to talk about are the dollars that are either being saved by biosimilars or potentially being spent on CGTs. Anyone can argue the numbers, and I’m up for a debate there. You can come up with a variety of different estimates based on what data source you're using. But my numbers that I've kind of settled on are if we optimize by a similar savings in the US, we can recognize around $180 billion in savings cumulatively for the year 2027. If you think about CGTs, which are just now really starting to take off, we expect to see around $27 billion spent by 2027.

My favorite part of my Assembia presentation and my message now is that if you look at every year of potential savings from biosimilars and potential spend on CGTs there's a huge surplus in savings o the tune of $20 billion In 2027 and higher in in years earlier. I would love to say there's some kind of a framework where we could take that $20 billion and actually invest it or reinvest it in innovative treatments like CGTs, but there’s no mechanism for that right now. I do think that it’s critical that we understand that we can afford CGT products. We will actually have a surplus of savings if we optimize biosimilars. I hear so many times, can the US healthcare system afford cell and gene therapies? If we optimize biosimilar savings, we absolutely can. really like to continue to spread that message. Although, there's no formal process whereby this happens today. If you look at the overall total health care spend and biologics, there’s an opportunity to have the best of both worlds.

In an interview with Pharma Commerce Editor Nicholas Saraceno, Fran Gregory, PharmD, Vice President of Emerging Therapies, Cardinal Health, discusses ways that changes made to reimbursement models are affecting patient therapies in the biosimilar space. 

Making Adjustments to Reimbursement Models Impacting Patient Therapies in the Biosimilar Space

Amy Niles Discusses PAN at PAP 2024

PC: Could you describe PAN Foundation’s main objective? How does the non-profit assist with patients’ out-of-pocket costs?

The PAN Foundation is a national patient advocacy organization and charitable foundation. We are now celebrating our 20th anniversary and at the core of our mission is serving as a very important safety net for people who are underinsured so that they can access the medications they need. When you look at the PAN foundation mission, I like to describe it as three pillars. 

The first is the financial assistance, we operate more than 75 different disease programs where we can provide grants to patients who are living with life threatening chronic diseases, and we can cover their out of pocket costs for a 12 month period. 

The next pillar is our advocacy work, and we have long advocated for improving access to care for all Americans. There's lots of things to advocate for. We work on our own and we work with many patient advocacy organizations, provider groups, and coalitions on those policy solutions that will make a difference in the lives of patients every single day. 

The third pillar is around education. We know we need to do a lot of education around he Medicare reforms that are coming January 1, 2025. But we can do much more than that. We heard a lot this morning at the conference around health literacy and how we really do need to empower patients, individuals who are living with chronic conditions, with the information they need to make informed decisions.

PC: Your position entails spearheading the organization’s relationships and partnerships with the patient advocacy and healthcare provider communities, while taking charge of public policy and advocacy initiatives. Could you describe what the day to day is like?

Describing the day to day is interesting and challenging, because every single day is different. On any given day, I may be speaking with a member of our patient family advisory council to learn about the challenges he or she may be having accessing the care they need. I may be presenting at a conference of a national patient advocacy organization to educate the patient and healthcare provider community about the Medicare reforms that were implemented as part of the inflation Reduction Act. I may be speaking with staff and an elected officials office to let them know about things like copay, accumulators, alternative funding programs, and how those programs and policies really impede access to the specialty medications that so many patients need every single day. So every day is different for me at PAN, which is why I love the work that I do. I love being able to speak with patients day to day and know the impact that we're having on their lives and the lives of their families. I also love the advocacy work knowing that if we are so fortunate to pass common sense legislation, that can impact millions of patients. 

 to be released in April, you discuss why first-fail policies are harming patients. Without giving too much away, could you expand on that?

You know, first-fail policies, which are also called step therapies, are a kind of policy that can really prevent access and delay treatment for people who are living with serious illness. Step therapy is when the healthcare professional has prescribed a certain medication, for example, for the patient that they feel is going to be the most effective treatment for that patient. The health care plan may come in and say it's expensive, and we want you to try this medication first and fail-first is a less expensive treatment. Oftentimes, that patient does have to go through that process maybe multiple times before and fail before the insurance company will authorize the treatment that was going to be the most effective in the first place. So we're concerned about this process. Sometimes, it can be appropriate, but many times it is simply delaying treatment for the patient. We advocate for protections for the patients and healthcare providers that can come through the Safe Step Act.

In an interview with Pharma Commerce Associate Editor Don Tracy, Amy Niles, Chief Mission Officer, The PAN Foundation discusses the overall mission of the organization. 

Patient Support

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